Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION)

NAION is a rare acute ischemic eye disease. The etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of NAION are not yet fully understood, with possible mechanisms including nocturnal hypotension, microvascular autoregulation disorders, obstructed blood vessels, and venous insufficiency. NAION typically presents as sudden, painless unilateral vision loss, vision deterioration, visual field defects, color vision decline, and disc edema. It is estimated that the number of NAION patients worldwide will exceed 345,000 by 2030. Currently, there are no approved medications for the treatment of NAION, resulting in a significant unmet clinical need.